Achalasia of cardia

This code represents a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by the absence of peristalsis in the esophageal body and incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in response to swallowing. This dysfunction leads to impaired passage of food and liquids into the stomach, causing progressive dysphagia.

Use this code for documented cases of acquired achalasia, typically identified through manometry showing absent esophageal peristalsis and incomplete LES relaxation. This diagnosis is often supported by barium swallow studies revealing esophageal dilation and a "bird's beak" appearance at the gastroesophageal junction.

• Differentiate from secondary achalasia, which may be caused by other conditions like Chagas disease or malignancy.
• Ensure documentation clearly states "achalasia of cardia" or "achalasia" without further specification of congenital origin.
• Remember the Excludes1 note for congenital cardiospasm (Q39.5) and do not code these together.