Osteomyelitis of vertebra, occipito-atlanto-axial region

This code signifies an inflammatory condition of the bone and bone marrow (osteomyelitis) affecting the vertebrae specifically located in the occipito-atlanto-axial region. This area encompasses the base of the skull (occiput) and the first two cervical vertebrae (atlas and axis), which are critical for head movement and stability. The infection can be bacterial, fungal, or, less commonly, viral, leading to bone destruction and potential neurological compromise.

Use this code when documentation clearly indicates osteomyelitis affecting any part of the occiput, C1 (atlas), or C2 (axis). This typically arises from hematogenous spread, direct inoculation (e.g., trauma, surgery), or contiguous spread from adjacent soft tissue infections. Supporting documentation should include imaging findings (e.g., MRI, CT scan) confirming bone infection in this specific spinal region, along with clinical signs and symptoms of infection.

• Ensure the documentation specifies "osteomyelitis" and not just "spondylitis" or "discitis" without bone involvement.
• Verify the exact vertebral level(s) involved. If the infection extends beyond the occipito-atlanto-axial region, a more comprehensive code or additional codes may be necessary.
• Always sequence this code after the underlying cause of the osteomyelitis, if known and actively treated (e.g., bacterial infection).