Pneumomediastinum originating in the perinatal period

This code signifies the presence of air in the mediastinum (the space between the lungs) that developed shortly before, during, or after birth. It is a form of air leak syndrome in neonates, often associated with respiratory distress.

Apply this code when documentation confirms pneumomediastinum diagnosed in a newborn, indicating its onset within the perinatal period. Supporting documentation should include imaging findings (e.g., chest X-ray) demonstrating mediastinal air and a clear indication of the timing of onset.

• Ensure the documentation specifies the perinatal origin; otherwise, consider other pneumomediastinum codes.
• Do not confuse with pneumothorax (air in the pleural space), which is a distinct condition.
• Code any underlying respiratory conditions, such as respiratory distress syndrome, as additional diagnoses.