Falciparum malaria [malignant tertian]

This code represents infection with Plasmodium falciparum, the most severe and life-threatening form of malaria. It is characterized by a high parasite load, potential for cerebral involvement, severe anemia, and other organ dysfunction. This type of malaria can rapidly progress to severe complications and death if not promptly treated.

Use this code when documentation clearly indicates a diagnosis of falciparum malaria, often confirmed by microscopic examination of blood smears showing P. falciparum parasites. This code is appropriate for cases presenting with symptoms such as high fever, chills, headache, and particularly when severe manifestations like cerebral malaria, severe anemia, or acute kidney injury are present due to P. falciparum infection.

• Always confirm the specific Plasmodium species through laboratory results before assigning this code.
• Do not confuse with other forms of malaria (e.g., P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae), which have distinct ICD-9-CM codes.
• Code any associated severe manifestations or complications (e.g., cerebral malaria, severe anemia) as additional diagnoses.