Syringomyelia and syringobulbia

This code signifies a chronic, progressive neurological disorder characterized by the formation of a fluid-filled cyst (syrinx) within the spinal cord (syringomyelia) or brainstem (syringobulbia). This cyst expands over time, compressing and damaging nerve fibers, leading to a variety of neurological deficits.

Assign this code when documentation clearly indicates a diagnosis of syringomyelia or syringobulbia, regardless of etiology (e.g., congenital, post-traumatic, Chiari malformation-related). Supporting documentation should include imaging reports (MRI) confirming the presence and location of the syrinx, along with clinical findings consistent with nerve compression.

• Differentiate from other spinal cord disorders causing similar symptoms, such as myelopathy due to disc herniation.
• If a Chiari malformation is the underlying cause, code the Chiari malformation first, followed by this code.
• Ensure the documentation specifies whether the syrinx is in the spinal cord or brainstem, as this code covers both.