Meningismus

This code describes meningismus, a clinical syndrome characterized by signs of meningeal irritation (e.g., nuchal rigidity, Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign) without actual inflammation of the meninges. It often presents with headache, fever, and photophobia, mimicking meningitis.

Use this code when documentation clearly indicates meningeal signs are present but diagnostic workup (e.g., CSF analysis) has ruled out infectious or inflammatory meningitis. It is typically a temporary diagnosis while awaiting definitive results or when meningeal irritation is secondary to another condition not directly involving the meninges.

• Do not use this code if a definitive diagnosis of meningitis (e.g., bacterial, viral, fungal) is established.
• Always code the underlying cause of the meningismus if known and documented (e.g., severe dehydration, subarachnoid hemorrhage).
• Consider if a more specific symptom code (e.g., headache, fever) would be more appropriate if meningeal signs are not explicitly documented or are minor.